Basics
Dero Mining

DERO Mining

DERO Mining

DERO's Σ-blocks (Sigma blocks) system turns the entire network into one giant mining pool. Even miners with 100 KH/s get daily rewards based on their hashrate contribution.

Solo Mining Made Easy: No pools needed - the network automatically distributes rewards proportionally to all miners every few minutes.

The Σ-Blocks Revolution

Traditional mining:

Big miner (1 MH/s):  Finds blocks → Gets rewards ✓
Small miner (10 KH/s): Never finds blocks → Earns nothing ❌

Solution: Join pool, pay 2-5% fees
Problem: Centralization, trust pools

DERO Σ-mining:

Big miner (1 MH/s):   1000 shares/day → Proportional rewards ✓
Small miner (10 KH/s): 10 shares/day → Proportional rewards ✓

Solution: Network IS the pool
Benefit: Everyone earns daily, no pools needed

How It Works

MetricValueNotes
Miniblock time~1-2 secondsΣ-block (miniblock) emission
Main block16 secondsSettles 10 miniblocks
SettlementEvery block~16 seconds
Daily miniblocks~54,0005,400 blocks × 10 miniblocks
Blocks per day~5,40086,400 seconds ÷ 16

Reward Calculator

Your hashrate vs network determines reward frequency:

Your Share of NetworkReward FrequencyExample Hashrate*
1/54,000Daily1 KH/s (if network = 54 MH/s)
1/108,000Every 2 days500 H/s (if network = 54 MH/s)
1/540,000Every 10 days100 H/s (if network = 54 MH/s)

*Network hashrate varies - check current hashrate in your daemon/miner output

Formula:

Your expected miniblocks per day = (Your hashrate / Network hashrate) × 54,000

Example:
  You: 10 KH/s
  Network: 54 MH/s
  Your share: 10,000 / 54,000,000 = 0.0185%
  Daily miniblocks: 54,000 × 0.0185% = 10 miniblocks/day

Mining Algorithm

AstroBWT v3

CPU-optimized, ASIC-resistant:

Memory requirement: ~256MB per thread
Difficulty: Adjusts every block
Target block time: 16 seconds

Why CPU-only?

  • ✅ Democratizes mining (everyone has CPU)
  • ✅ Prevents ASIC dominance
  • ✅ Lower barrier to entry
  • ✅ Better decentralization

Source: astrobwt/ directory, pow/pow.go

Solo Mining Setup

Step 1: Run Daemon

./derod-linux-amd64 --integrator-address=dero1qy...your_address

Step 2: Start Miner

./dero-miner-linux-amd64 \
  --daemon-rpc-address=127.0.0.1:10100 \
  --wallet-address=dero1qy...your_address \
  --mining-threads=4

Step 3: Monitor

Miner output:
  Hashrate: 10.5 KH/s
  Shares: 150 submitted
  Blocks: 2 found today
  
Daemon output:
  Miniblocks: Being processed
  Height: Increasing
  
Wallet:
  Rewards: Arriving proportionally based on your miniblock contributions

Reward Breakdown

Every Σ-block reward distributed as:

RecipientPercentageGoes To
Miners88.4%Split among share contributors
Integrator10%Daemon operator's address
Pool Fee1.6%Daemon operator (your daemon = you keep this!)

If mining on your own daemon:

  • You get: 88.4% (miner share) + 10% (integrator) + 1.6% (fee) = 100%
  • Pool miners get: 88.4% only

Advantage: 11.6% more rewards by running your own node!

Mining Performance

Hashrate Expectations

CPU Performance (approximate):

CPUThreadsExpected Hashrate
Intel i5 (modern)45-8 KH/s
Intel i7 (modern)810-15 KH/s
AMD Ryzen 568-12 KH/s
AMD Ryzen 91620-30 KH/s
Server (high-end)32+50-100+ KH/s

Benchmark your hardware:

./dero-miner --bench

This runs local performance tests and shows hashrate for different thread counts.

Mining Pools vs Solo

AspectTraditional PoolDERO Solo (Σ-blocks)
RewardsDaily, but 2-5% feeDaily, 0% fee (own node)
SetupEasy (just connect)Medium (run daemon)
CentralizationHigh (pool controls)Low (you control)
TrustTrust pool operatorTrustless
Small miner friendly✅ Yes✅ Yes (even better!)

DERO = Best of both worlds

Getting Started

Quick start:

  1. Download:

    https://github.com/deroproject/derohe/releases

  2. Run daemon:

    ./derod --integrator-address=YOUR_ADDRESS

  3. Mine:

    ./dero-miner --daemon-rpc-address=127.0.0.1:10100 --wallet-address=YOUR_ADDRESS

  4. Profit:

    Start contributing miniblock shares immediately
Rewards arrive proportional to your hashrate contribution
Check wallet for incoming miniblock rewards

Optimizing Mining

CPU Settings:

# Use all cores except 1 (keep system responsive)
--mining-threads=$(nproc --ignore=1)
 
# Set process priority
nice -n 19 ./dero-miner ...

Multiple Machines:

# All point to your daemon
Machine 1: ./dero-miner --daemon-rpc-address=192.168.1.100:10100
Machine 2: ./dero-miner --daemon-rpc-address=192.168.1.100:10100
Machine 3: ./dero-miner --daemon-rpc-address=192.168.1.100:10100
 
# Daemon tracks all shares, distributes rewards

Mining Economics

Block reward: Currently ~1.2 DERO per block (decreases over time)

Daily emission:

Blocks per day: ~5,400 (86,400 seconds / 16 seconds)
Daily emission: ~3,320 DERO

Your daily earnings (example):

Your hashrate: 10 KH/s
Network: 54 MH/s
Your share: 10,000 / 54,000,000 = 0.0185%

Daily rewards: 5,400 × 0.0185% = ~1 DERO/day
Miniblock rewards: 54,000 × 0.0185% = ~10 miniblocks/day

Values are approximate and change with network hashrate and block rewards

Common Questions

Q: Can I mine with GPU/ASIC?
A: No - AstroBWT is memory-hard, CPU-optimized. GPUs/ASICs have no advantage.

Q: Do I need a pool?
A: No - Σ-blocks make solo mining practical for everyone.

Q: How often do I get paid?
A: Miniblocks settle every 16 seconds (each main block). You receive rewards proportional to your contributed shares in each block.

Q: What if my hashrate is tiny?
A: You'll still get rewards proportional to your hashrate share! Even 100 H/s contributes to miniblocks and earns rewards, just less frequently than higher hashrates.

Key Takeaways

What makes DERO mining special:

  • ✅ Σ-blocks - Network is one giant pool
  • ✅ Solo mining works - Even for small miners
  • ✅ Daily rewards - Proportional to hashrate
  • ✅ No pools needed - Decentralized by design
  • ✅ CPU-only - Fair, accessible to all
  • ✅ Integrator rewards - 10% bonus for node operators

Start small, earn daily: Even a laptop can mine DERO profitably. Try it with 1-2 threads and see rewards within hours!

Related Pages

Get Started Mining:

Technical Details:

Resources: